Cocoon Spinning & Pupation

When fully grown, Saturnia pavonia caterpillars spin a distinctive mesh-like cocoon. These are usually attached:

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  Among the branches of the host plant
  
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  In the corners or edges of the enclosure
  

Unlike underground-pupating species such as Aglia tau, pavonia does not burrow. They reliably anchor their cocoons above ground.

Annual Cycle

Saturnia pavonia produces one brood per year, and the cocoon remains dormant through winter.

Overwintering Pupae & Spring Emergence

Saturnia pavonia cocoons must experience a cold period to complete development. This can be achieved by:

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  Storing cocoons outdoors in a sheltered, predator-safe location
  
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  Or refrigerating them in a sealed plastic container
  

Timing

After overwintering, adult moths emerge in early spring.

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  Males fly by day, searching for females
  
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  Females are mostly nocturnal, laying eggs during the night
  

This day–night split is typical of S. pavonia and part of their natural breeding behaviour.