Common Lime Swallowtail | Papilio demoleus PUPAE

Papilio demoleus, commonly known as the Lime Swallowtail, Common Lime, or Chequered Swallowtail, is a widespread and adaptable butterfly in the family Papilionidae. Native to Asia, it is also found in the Middle East. It is one of the most well-known swallowtails, particularly for its association with citrus plants.

The Lime Swallowtail is a medium-sized butterfly with a wingspan of 6-8cm. Its forewings are black with yellow spots, forming a chequered pattern. The hindwings are black with a large, pale yellow area, and a prominent red and blue eyespot near the tail, which serves as a defense mechanism against predators. Unlike many swallowtails, Papilio demoleus lacks the tail-like extensions typically seen in the group.

This butterfly is highly adaptable and found in diverse habitats, including gardens, farmlands, scrublands, and urban areas. It thrives in regions where its host plants, primarily citrus species (Rutaceae), are available. 

Papilio demoleus is a fast and agile flier, often seen basking in sunny areas. It is also a strong disperser, contributing to its wide range. Adults feed on nectar from flowers like lantana and zinnia, making them important pollinators in their ecosystems.

While the Lime Swallowtail is admired for its beauty, it is considered a pest in citrus orchards due to the larval stage's feeding habits. However, it also plays a positive role as a pollinator and as part of the food chain, supporting birds and other predators.

The Lime Swallowtail is a resilient and adaptable species, making it a subject of interest for conservationists and agricultural researchers alike. Its wide distribution and ability to thrive in human-modified environments highlight its ecological significance.

Difficulty - Easy (1/10)

Host plants - Citrus, Skimmia, Choisya, Zanthoxylum, Ruta, etc.

Temperature - Room temperature or warmer.

Lifecycle - continually brooded.