African Lime Swallowtail EGGS (Papilio demodocus)

African Lime Swallowtail (Papilio demodocus) – Care & Species Information

Papilio demodocus, commonly known as the African Lime Swallowtail or Christmas Swallowtail, is a large and adaptable butterfly from the family Papilionidae. Native to sub-Saharan Africa, this attractive species is widespread and commonly encountered in forests, savannas, farmland, and gardens, particularly wherever citrus and related host plants grow.

Thanks to its hardy nature, lifecycle, and ease of rearing, Papilio demodocus is a popular choice for butterfly houses, beginner breeders, schools, and educational projects.

Adult Butterfly Description

Adult African Lime Swallowtails are large butterflies, with a wingspan of approximately 8–10 cm.

• Fore- and hindwings: Black with bold yellow markings
  

• Notably lacks the tail extensions typical of many swallowtail species

• Underside: Light brown and yellow with intricate camouflage patterns

These visual features make the species easy to identify and highly appealing for display.

Caterpillars & Life cycle

The larvae of Papilio demodocus feed on plants in the Rutaceae family, most notably citrus species.

• Early instars mimic bird droppings for protection

• Final instar turns green with black and white striping

• Pupation occurs on stems or branches, forming an upright chrysalis

• Unlike many butterflies, swallowtail pupae do not hang suspended

This species is continually brooded, though pupae are capable of entering diapause if conditions unsuitable, e.g. too cold/hot or dry.

Rearing & Care Information

Difficulty: Very Easy (1/10) – ideal for beginners

Host Plants:

• Citrus (lemon, lime, orange)

• Choisya

• Skimmia

• Other Rutaceae species

Conditions:

• Room temperature is sufficient

• Warmer conditions speed up pupal emergence

• Adult butterflies benefit from sunlight and warm environments

Ecological & Practical Significance

Papilio demodocus is an important pollinator across its natural range. While it can occasionally be considered a minor pest in citrus orchards, its beauty, resilience, and ecological role make it a species of great interest to butterfly enthusiasts, conservationists, and researchers.