Arctia caja, commonly known as the garden tiger moth, is a striking moth species belonging to the family Erebidae. Found across Europe, North America, and parts of Asia, it thrives in a variety of habitats, including gardens, meadows, woodlands, and coastal areas. Renowned for its vivid coloration, the forewings feature a cryptic brown and white pattern, while the hindwings display bold orange or red tones with striking black spots. This combination of patterns serves as both camouflage and a warning to predators, signaling the moth's defenses.
The lifecycle of Arctia caja involves complete metamorphosis, progressing through egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. The larvae, often referred to as “woolly bears,” are covered in dense, bristly hairs that provide protection from predators. They feed on a wide range of plants - many typically considered 'weeds' - including nettles, dock, and dandelions, making them highly adaptable.
The garden tiger moth plays a role in its ecosystem as both a pollinator and a food source for predators, despite its defenses. However, populations are declining due to habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change. Its vibrant appearance and ecological importance underscore the need for conservation efforts to protect this species and its natural environment.
Host plants: Dock, Dandelion, Nettle, Willow, and many others! These will eat almost any foliage.
Difficulty: Very easy (1/10)
Temperature: Room temp. or outside.
Lifecycle: Continually brooded indoors; larvae will go dormant in winter outdoors, then wake up in spring.
