African Lime Swallowtail | Papilio demodocus PUPAE

Papilio demodocus, commonly known as the African Lime Swallowtail, is a butterfly species in the family Papilionidae. It is native to sub-Saharan Africa and is commonly found in a variety of habitats, including forests, savannas, and gardens. It is a fairly widespread species and is often seen in areas where its host plants, primarily members of the Rutaceae family, grow.

Adult Papilio demodocus butterflies are large in size, with a wingspan ranging from 8 to 10 cm. The forewings are primarily black with yellow markings, and the hindwings are also black but with prominent yellow spots. A distinctive feature of the species is the lack of tail-like extensions on the hindwings, a common characteristic of swallowtail butterflies that is absent in demodocus. The underside of the wings is light brown and yellow with intricate patterns that help camouflage the butterfly when it is resting.

The larvae of Papilio demodocus feed on plants from the Rutaceae family, particularly citrus species like lemons, oranges, and limes. The caterpillars resemble bird droppings in the first four stages, then becoming green with black and white stripes in the final instar before pupating in a chrysalis. The pupal stage occurs in sheltered locations on plant stems or branches. Swallowtail pupae are formed pointing upwards, rather than hanging suspended like other butterfly species.

Papilio demodocus plays an important role in its ecosystem as a pollinator. It is also an economically significant species, as it can occasionally be a pest in citrus orchards, where its larvae feed on the leaves of citrus trees. Despite this, its vibrant appearance and ecological contributions make it a species of interest for butterfly enthusiasts and researchers.

Difficulty - Very easy (1/10)

Host plants - Citrus; Choisya; Skimmia; various other related plants.

Conditions - Room temperature is sufficient however pupae emerge sooner with warmth & butterflies enjoy sunshine.

Lifecycle - Continually brooded; pupae capable of diapause.